Microservices Architecture

1. Introduction to Microservices

• Definition: An architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services.
• Characteristics:
  • Independent deployment
  • Decentralized data management
  • Organized around business capabilities
  • Continuous delivery and deployment

2. Benefits of Microservices

• Scalability: Each microservice can be scaled independently.
• Flexibility in Technology: Different services can use different technologies and programming languages.
• Resilience: Failure of one service does not affect others.
• Faster Time to Market: Smaller teams work on independent services, speeding up development.

3. Challenges of Microservices

• Complexity: Increased number of services can lead to complexity in management.
• Data Management: Handling transactions and consistency across services can be challenging.
• Communication: Requires robust inter-service communication mechanisms (e.g., REST, gRPC, messaging queues).
• Deployment: Need for automated deployment strategies and orchestration (e.g., Kubernetes).

4. Design Principles

• Single Responsibility: Each service should have a single responsibility and do it well.
• Decentralized Governance: Teams have the freedom to choose the best tools and technologies.
• API Gateway: Acts as an entry point for all clients, providing routing, monitoring, and security.
• Database per Service: Each service has its own database to ensure loose coupling.

5. Communication between Services